"Effective instruction must engage the student in all four levels" (Merrill, 2001).

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Merrill’s 1st Principles of Instruction

Instructional Design Model

A cheat-sheet created for educators based on information from M. D. Merrill‘s article “First Principles of Instruction." 

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The most effective learning environments are those that are problem-based and involve the student in four distinct phrases of learning. According to Merrill (2001) those phrases include:

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  1. Activation of prior experience

  2. Demonstration of skills

  3. Application of skills

  4. Integration of these skills into real-world activities

 

MERRILL’S ID MODEL CHEAT SHEET

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